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(一) 顾名思义,惩罚就是严厉地处罚,是与正面教育相对的一种否定性手段。教科书、教育法规及教师规范对惩罚的否定态度使得大家在理论上对这两个字深感忌讳。而在现实的家庭和幼儿园中,却几乎每天都回避不了它。事实上,几乎每一个儿童的成长经历中或多或少地受到过“惩罚”。虽然教育部门三令五申强调,一些教师仍然自觉或不自觉地处罚幼儿,因指导思想不正确,严重挫伤了儿童的积极性和自尊心,甚至造成恶性事故;一些家长也因惩罚中失手造成无法挽回的损失。既然惩罚这一现象在实践中躲避不了,
(A) As the name suggests, punishment is severely punished, as opposed to positive education as a negative means. Textbooks, educational regulations and teacher norms negative attitude to punishment so that everyone in theory, the word is deeply taboo. In real families and kindergartens, however, it can not be avoided almost daily. In fact, almost every child has been “punished” more or less in his growing up. Although the education department repeatedly stressed that some teachers still punish young children consciously or unconsciously, their guiding ideology has seriously dampened the enthusiasm and self-esteem of children and even caused a vicious accident. Some parents also suffered irreparable damage as a result of their punishment. Since punishment of this phenomenon can not be avoided in practice,