论文部分内容阅读
根据脂肪族化合物反应速度常数对数及反应平衡常数对数与功能基上取代基团的诱导效应指数 I 之间的直线关系,推导出了反应百分产率 P 与 I 之间的正反S 形曲线及剪刀曲线的方程式,以及产率为50％的 I_(50)点出现的条件.文中以许多文献数据及我们自己的实验数据验证了所推导出的正反 S 形曲线及剪刀曲线的公式,符合情况都很良好.文中讨论了反应级数及性质,对于 S 曲线方程式的影响,依照一级、二级、及可逆反应等的反应动力学方程式的形式不同,S 曲线方程式在形式上也有所差异.但曲线的特征并无改变.剪刀曲线是一对正反 S 曲线的复合形式.是反应中形成两类产物时百分比与分子结构参数间定量关系的普遍形式.文中讨论了影响 S 曲线形状的因素,如产物的机械损失,反应中某些副产物的生成等,往往可以对于 S 曲线低产率部分,导致不正规的偏离现象.
According to the linear relationship between the logarithm of the reaction rate constant of aliphatic compounds and the logarithm of the equilibrium constant of the reaction, and the induction effect index I of the substituent group on the functional group, the positive and negative S And the equation of the scissors curve and the conditions of the occurrence of 50 points in the yield of 50% .In this paper, many literature data and our own experimental data verify the positive and negative S-shaped curve and the scissors curve The formulas and the corresponding conditions are very good. The reaction order and the nature of the reaction are discussed. The influence of the S-curve equation on the form of the reaction kinetic equation of first-order, second-order, But there is no difference.But the characteristics of the curve have not changed.Scissors curve is a compound form of a pair of positive and negative S curve.It is a general form of the quantitative relationship between the percentage and molecular structure parameters when two kinds of products are formed in the reaction.In this paper, Curvilinear factors, such as mechanical loss of products, the generation of certain by-products in the reaction, can often lead to anomalous deviations for the low-yield part of the S-curve.