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为了研究电弧加热等离子发动机的内外流场特性,采用基于磁矢量势的磁流体力学控制方程,在计算流体力学软件Fluent中添加用户自定义函数(UDF)实现添加特殊源项和自定义标量,对自主设计的超音速电弧加热等离子发动机流动特性进行数值研究。通过数值模拟,获得不同工作电流下发动机内外的温度场和速度场,以及中心轴线上电压和电流密度分布。算例验证表明在Fluent中添加UDF程序能够较为准确的模拟等离子体射流。计算结果表明:工作电流对等离子体的温度场和速度场有重要的影响,增加工作电流大小能够明显增加流场的温度和速度,但工作电流对等离子体射流的马赫数影响较小,细喷嘴电弧加热等离子发动机得到上升的伏安特性。为电弧加热等离子发动机的应用提供了理论基础。
In order to study the internal and external flow field characteristics of the arc-heated plasma engine, a magnetic fluid-mechanical control equation based on the magnetic vector potential is adopted, and a user-defined function (UDF) is added to the computational fluid dynamics software Fluent to add a special source term and a custom scalar. Numerical simulation of flow characteristics of self-designed supersonic arc-heated plasma engine. Through numerical simulation, the temperature field and velocity field inside and outside the engine under different operating currents and the voltage and current density distribution on the central axis are obtained. The example validation shows that adding UDF program in Fluent can simulate the plasma jet more accurately. The calculation results show that the working current has an important influence on the temperature field and the velocity field of the plasma. Increasing the working current can obviously increase the temperature and velocity of the flow field. However, the working current has little influence on the Mach number of the plasma jet. Arc-heating plasma engine has been raised volt-ampere characteristics. It provides a theoretical basis for the application of arc heated plasma engine.