叙述了金属熔体自发渗透制备金属基复合材料的工艺、特点及国内外发展现状 ;分析了基体合金化、增强相表面涂层、助渗剂对浸润性的影响 ;指出了存在的问题和今后的研究重点。 The process, characteristics and development status of metal matrix composites prepared by spontaneous infiltration of metal melt are described. The effects of matrix alloying, enhancing phase surface coating and penetration enhancer on wettability are analyzed. The existing problems and the future problems are pointed out Research focus.