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报告我院１９８４～１９９３年间收治的小儿先天性肾积水５４例（６４只肾）。男３６例，女１８例。年龄最小３月，最大１３岁。为探讨病肾切除指征，除１例脓肾被切除外，余５３例６３只病肾均施行Ａｎｄｅｒｓｏｎ－Ｈｙｎｅｓ肾盂成形术。术后４６例５４肾获得半年至１０年的随访，结果：全部病例症状消失，肾积水明显改善，肾功能存在或恢复，毋须再次手术。本病一旦确诊即宜尽早手术，除脓肾有指征切除外，余均有希望保留。Ａｎｄｅｒｓｏｎ－Ｈｙｎｅｓ肾盂成形术可为首选术式，术后可免除肾造瘘管，但宜留置支架管以利引流和避免吻合口成角扭曲。
54 cases of congenital hydronephrosis (64 kidneys) admitted to our hospital from 1984 to 1993 were reported. 36 males and 18 females. The youngest in March, the maximum 13 years old. To investigate the indications for nephrectomy, anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty was performed in 53 cases of 63 diseased kidneys in addition to one case of resected pus. Forty-six follow-up visits were performed in 46 cases of 54 children after 6 months to 10 years of follow-up. Results: The symptoms of all cases disappeared and hydronephrosis was significantly improved. Renal function existed or recovered without further surgery. Once diagnosed that the disease should be as soon as possible surgery, in addition to indications for removal of the pus kidney, I have more than hope to retain. Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty may be the preferred surgical procedure, postoperative renal fistula can be removed, but should be indwelling stent tube to facilitate drainage and avoid angulation of the anastomosis angle.