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叙事学研究从经典叙事学阶段进入后经典叙事学阶段之后,因其包容性和开放性更显蓬勃发展之势。近年来,在探讨虚构叙事与现实世界之间关系的问题时,国外一些学者提出了可能世界叙事理论,研究主要包括:一、从本体论出发,将虚构叙事视为籍由语言力量建构起的可能世界、具有自身的本体独立性,文学中可能世界的界限也就成了表达或想象力的界限;二、引入了叙事模态的概念,将可能世界理论与叙事语义学联系在一起,分析叙事文本世界的层次模型、叙事文本中人物的表征世界与文本现实世界之间的复杂互动关系;三、从读者认知角度考察了虚构世界的类型学;四、应用可能世界理论重新整合“叙事性”概念,研究电子媒介、超文本中的可能世界。
Since the study of narratology entered the post-classical narratology stage from the stage of classical narratology, it is more prosperous because of its inclusiveness and openness. In recent years, when discussing the relationship between the fictional narration and the real world, some foreign scholars have put forward the possible world narrative theory. The research mainly includes: First, starting from the ontology, treating the fictional narration as constructing the language force The possible world has its own ontology independence, and the boundaries of the possible world in literature also become the boundaries of expression or imagination. Second, the concept of narrative modality is introduced, which connects the possible world theory with narrative semantics. The level model of the narrative text world, the complex interactive relationship between the character representation world and the text real world in the narrative text; thirdly, the typology of the fictional world is examined from the perspective of the readers’ cognition; Narrative "concept, researching the possible world of electronic media and hypertext.