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徐中舒先生是我国著名的古文字学家,他早年受业于清华国学研究院王国维,从此走上古文字学研究之路,60余年辛勤致力于此,取得卓越成绩。徐中舒理性地评价《说文解字》及其注著的得失,在“破许疑段”问题上提出大胆的看法,诠解和纰缪传统“六书说”的概念和来源。他主张在客观历史语境下动态考查古文字的形、音、义,同时视古文字为史料来补正和考索古史,借助古文字探索古代社会的真相。此试就徐中舒古文字研究的一些理论方法与学术实践进行归纳和评介,突出其探究古文字的理路、特色及成就。
Mr. Xu Zhongshu, a famous ancient Chinese philologist, was employed by Wang Guowei of Tsinghua Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences in his early years. Since then, he has embarked on the path of ancient philology and devoted himself to this achievement for more than 60 years. Xu Zhongshu rationally evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of “Shuo Wen Jie Zi” and his notes, and puts forward bold ideas, interpretations and the traditional concepts and sources of “Liu Shuo Shu” on the subject of “breaking suspicions” . He advocated a dynamic examination of the form, tone and meaning of ancient Chinese characters under the objective historical context, and at the same time he used the ancient Chinese characters as historical materials to make corrections and tests of ancient history and used ancient Chinese characters to explore the truth of ancient society. This trial summarizes and comments on some theoretical methods and academic practices of Xu Zhongshu’s ancient writing, highlighting the rationale, characteristics and achievements of exploring ancient writings.