凋落物作为土壤和植物的结合点在森林生态系统的养分和能量循环方面起着重要作用。凋落物的产量及其元素浓度制约着林下凋落物层和矿质土壤的养分归还。本研究利用野外实地观测和室内分析相结合的方法对秦岭西部山地不同针叶林凋落物层分解过程的特性(如凋落物储量、分解速率、周转时间和养分元素贮量及回归量)进行了研究,结果表明:1)林下凋落物现存量(8.46～29.81t.hm-2)远大于年凋落物量(2.96～4.23t.hm-2.a-1),凋落物分解速率相对较低、积累很强,系统养分循环参数小;2)营养元素在凋落物层中含量的分布格局因树种不同而不同,但不同树种凋落物层营养元素(N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe)的储量均为:未分解层(U层)<半分解层(S层)<分解层(D层);3)不同树种林下凋落物层平均营养元素的储量为:Ca:357.71kg.hm-2>N:175.72kg.hm-2>Fe:102.50kg.hm-2>Mg:54.21kg.hm-2>K:31.96kg.hm-2>P:16.78kg.hm-2;4)林下凋落物的分解过程是一个养分积累的过程,营养元素最终普遍在分解层(D层)中富集;5)树种和人为经营情况对森林凋落物层的性质和分解状况有较大影响,林下凋落物分解速率表现为:云杉林<松林<落叶松林。 Litter, as a binding point between soil and plant, plays an important role in nutrient and energy cycling in forest ecosystems. The litter yield and its elemental concentration restrict the nutrient return of forest litter and mineral soils. In this study, the characteristics of litterfall decomposition (such as litterfall, decomposition rate, turn-around time and nutrient elemental reserves and regressors) in different coniferous forests in the western Qinling Mountains were studied using the combination of field observations and laboratory analyzes The results showed that: 1) The existing litterfalls (8.46 ~ 29.81t.hm-2) were much larger than the annual litterfalls (2.96 ~ 4.23t.hm-2.a-1) and the litter decomposition rate was relatively low , And the accumulation of nutrients in the litter layer was very small. (2) The distribution pattern of nutrients in the litter layer differed from tree species, but the nutrient elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe) ) Are: Undecomposed layer (U layer) N: 175.72 kg.hm-2> Fe: 102.50 kg.hm-2> Mg: 54.21 kg.hm-2> K: 31.96 kg.hm-2> P: ) Decomposition of forest litter is a process of nutrient accumulation, and nutrient elements are generally enriched in the decomposition layer (D layer). 5) Species and man-made management have a greater impact on the nature and decomposition of the forest litter layer Impact, forest Litter decomposition rate expressed as: spruce forest