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目的掌握GB 26878-2011《食用盐碘含量》标准执行后,厦门市妊娠期妇女碘营养状况,为卫生策略的制定提供依据。方法选择厦门市翔安区新店镇为调查点,调查妊娠期妇女食用新标准碘盐前后家中的碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率、尿碘、尿比重水平。结果基线调查及新标准实施后第1到第5次评估,妊娠期妇女家庭碘盐覆盖率均达到100%,盐碘中位数分别为27.8、25.7、24.3、23.7、24.3和25.8 mg/kg,5次评估的碘盐含量均比基线调查明显减少(均P<0.01);基线调查及5次评估测得尿碘中位数分别为103.8、128.5、138.9、100.2、97.1和96.2μg/L,第2次自评尿碘含量比基线调查高(P<0.05),第1、第3、第4、第5次评估的尿碘水平与基线调查尿碘水平差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);基线调查及5次评估测得尿比重均数分别为1.0123、1.0153、1.0180、1.0143、1.0141和1.0132。第1、2、3次评估的尿比重水平均高于基线调查尿比重水平(均P<0.05),但第4、第5次评估的尿比重水平与基线调查间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论新标准实施后,妊娠期妇女家中食盐含碘量显著减少,新标准实施前后妊娠期妇女均处于碘营养不足状态,需加强该人群碘营养,保障下一代健康。
Objective To understand the status of iodine nutrition in pregnant women in Xiamen City after GB 26878-2011 “Standard of iodine content of edible salt” was implemented to provide basis for the formulation of health strategy. Methods Xindian, Xiang’an District, Xiamen City was selected as the investigation point. The coverage of iodized salt, the rate of iodine salt intake, urinary iodine and urinary specific gravity before and after consuming the new standard iodized salt in pregnant women were investigated. Results Baseline surveys and first to fifth assessments after the implementation of the new standard showed that iodized salt coverage of pregnant women reached 100% and the median of salt iodine was 27.8, 25.7, 24.3, 23.7, 24.3 and 25.8 mg / kg, respectively (All P <0.01). The median urinary iodine measured by baseline survey and five evaluations were 103.8, 128.5, 138.9, 100.2, 97.1 and 96.2 μg / L, respectively , The second self-assessment urine iodine content than the baseline survey (P <0.05), the first, third, fourth and fifth assessment of urinary iodine levels and baseline urine iodine levels was no significant difference (both P > 0.05). The average urinary specific gravity measured by baseline survey and five assessments were 1.0123, 1.0153, 1.0180, 1.0143, 1.0141 and 1.0132, respectively. The urinary specific gravity of the first, second and third assessments were all higher than those of the baseline (all P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the fourth and fifth assessments of urine specific gravity and the baseline survey (P < All P> 0.05). Conclusion After the implementation of the new standard, the iodine content of salt in pregnant women decreased significantly. Before and after the implementation of the new standard, pregnant women were in iodine deficiency state. The iodine nutrition of the population should be strengthened to ensure the health of the next generation.