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1 前言随着透射电子显微镜设计制造技术的不断完善,性能的进一步提高,以及衍衬成象理论成功地应用于电子图象的解释,衍衬分析技术在材料科学中日益得到广泛的应用,它给科学工作者提供了一种探索材料微观结构的非常有用的手段。电子显微图象的衬度形成机制有两种,质厚衬度和衍射衬度,这里没有包括高分辨象的相位相干衬度。电子和试样中的原子发生交互作用,产生散射,散射的强弱与原子的性质,即它在周期表中的位置有关,原子序数小的轻元素,对电子散射作用弱,原子序数大的重元素,对电子
1 Introduction With the continuous improvement of transmission electron microscopy design and manufacturing technology, performance and further improvement, as well as the application of diffraction imaging theory successfully applied to the interpretation of electronic images, diffraction analysis technology in materials science has been increasingly widely used, it Provide scientists with a very useful tool to explore the microstructure of materials. There are two mechanisms for the formation of contrast in electron micrographs, such as thick and dense contrast and diffraction contrast. There is no phase coherence contrast included in high resolution images. Interactions between electrons and the atoms in the sample produce scattering. The intensity of the scattering depends on the nature of the atom, that is, its position in the periodic table. Light elements with small atomic numbers have a weak effect on electron scattering and a large atomic number Heavy element, electronic