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关于马克思的剩余价值理论是否适用于社会主义经济研究的问题,存在着各种不同的认识。本文作者认为,剩余价值概念不适用于社会主义经济制度,但是马克思的剩余价值理论对社会主义经济研究仍有重要意义,应该创立反映社会主义经济本质的新概念、新术语,这就是:剩余劳动、剩余产品和剩余产品价值。本文着重考察了社会主义制度下剩余劳动、剩余产品和剩余产品价值的绝对量和相对量的变化,认为社会主义社会增加剩余劳动和剩余产品的唯一途径是提高劳动生产率,而且劳动生产率的增长必须快于人民生活水平的提高,只有这样,才能保证剩余劳动、剩余产品和剩余产品价值的绝对量和相对量都得到增长,才符合社会主义经济发展客观规律的要求。
There are different understandings as to whether Marx's theory of surplus value applies to the study of socialist economy. The author believes that the concept of surplus value does not apply to the socialist economic system, but Marx's theory of surplus value is still important for the study of socialist economy and should create new concepts and terms that reflect the essence of the socialist economy. That is: surplus labor , The remaining products and the value of the remaining products. This paper examines the changes in the absolute and relative amounts of surplus labor, surplus products and surplus products under the socialist system. It considers that the only way for socialist society to increase surplus labor and surplus products is to increase labor productivity, and the growth of labor productivity must be Faster than the improvement of people's living standards, the only way to ensure that the absolute and relative amounts of surplus labor, surplus products and surplus products are increased in line with the objective laws of socialist economic development.