论文部分内容阅读
目的了解学龄前儿童在外就餐摄食量与体重的关系。方法整群随机抽样调查选取北京市公立一级一类全日制幼儿园3~6岁儿童1550名,采用封闭式问卷调查的形式,追踪调查4个月在外就餐情况,计算在外就餐能量及三大营养素摄入量,分析与学龄前儿童超重、肥胖发生率的相关关系。结果学龄前儿童,在外就餐单餐摄入的能量均低于RNI水平,男童仅达到RNI的(53.36±12.68)%,女童为RNI的(64.81±16.28)%,较大年龄的儿童能量摄入逐步接近RNI水平。从饮食结构看,谷薯类、蔬菜以及蛋白质摄入量与BMI呈负相关关系,而油脂摄入、脂肪产热比、碳水化合物产热比与BMI呈正相关关系。其中对于男童而言,3~4岁谷薯类摄入、脂肪产热比及碳水化合物产热比以及5~6岁谷薯类摄入、蔬菜类摄入,6~7岁脂肪产热比与BMI的相关关系有显著性差异(P<0.05)。对于女童而言,3~4岁油脂摄入,4~5岁油脂摄入和脂肪产热比,5~6岁肉蛋禽鱼类摄入、油脂摄入、脂肪和碳水化合物产热比,6~7岁脂肪和碳水化合物产热比与BMI的相关关系有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论学龄前儿童在外就餐摄入量与超重、肥胖发生率密切相关,正确的饮食指导对于儿童正常生长发育非常必要。
Objective To understand the relationship between food intake and weight of preschool children eating out. Methods A cluster random sampling survey was conducted to select 1550 children aged 3 ~ 6 years in a class 1 full-time kindergarten in Beijing. By means of a closed questionnaire survey, the situation of eating out for 4 months was followed up and the energy for eating out and the three nutrients Intake, analysis and preschool children overweight, the incidence of obesity. Results The energy intake of pre-school children and single-meal meals was lower than that of RNI (53.36 ± 12.68%) for boys and 64.81 ± 16.28% for girls (RNI). The energy intake of older children Progressively closer to the RNI level. From the diet structure, there was a negative correlation between dietary intake of cereal tubers, vegetables and protein and BMI, while fat intake, fat-to-heat ratio and carbohydrate to heat production ratio were positively correlated with BMI. Among them, for boys, cereal tuber intake, fat-to-heat ratio and carbohydrate-to-calorie ratio of 3-4 years old and intake of cereals and tubers 5-6 years old, intake of vegetables, fat heat generation of 6-7 years old There was a significant difference between BMI and BMI (P <0.05). For girls, 3 to 4 years of fat intake, 4 to 5 years of fat intake and fat heat production ratio, 5 to 6 years old meat and poultry fish intake, fat intake, fat and carbohydrate to heat ratio, There was a significant difference (P <0.05) between the heat production ratio of fat and carbohydrate in 6-7 years old and BMI (P0.05) .Conclusion Ex-dining intake of preschool children is closely related to the incidence of overweight and obesity, and the correct dietary guidance for children Normal growth and development is necessary.