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岩石受力变化破裂的过程中其表面电荷密度发生变化.研究岩石受力过程中的表面电荷变化规律,通过岩石表面的电荷变化可以反映应力变化的特点,可用于预防矿山动力灾害的发生,实现动力现象的非接触测量和连续测量,是保障矿山安全生产的一种新的技术手段.本实验设备主要由电荷传感器、电磁辐射传感器、数据采集系统、岩样加载系统、屏蔽系统五部分组成.对花岗岩试样进行了单轴加载压裂实验.同时采集了电荷信号、电磁辐射信号、压力信号、时间信号.通过数据处理发现岩石表面电荷密度随岩样受力程度发生变化,在岩石受力破裂前有明显变化.岩石受力破裂实验中电荷密度信号的发生先于电磁辐射信号的发生.在实验中岩石表面电荷密度信号变化有良好的重复性和相关性.
The surface charge density changes during the rupture of the rock.Investigating the surface charge variation during rock stress, the change of charge on the rock surface can reflect the characteristics of stress changes, which can be used to prevent the occurrence of mine dynamic disasters and achieve The non-contact measurement and continuous measurement of dynamic phenomena are a new technical means to ensure the safe production of mines.The experiment equipment mainly consists of five parts: charge sensor, electromagnetic radiation sensor, data acquisition system, rock sample loading system and shielding system. The granite samples were subjected to uniaxial loading and fracturing experiments, and the charge signals, electromagnetic radiation signals, pressure signals and time signals were collected at the same time. The surface charge density of rock samples was found to vary with the stress level of the rock samples. There was a significant change before rupture.The charge density signal in rock stress rupture experiment preceded the electromagnetic radiation signal.The repeatability and relativity of rock surface charge density signal changed well in experiment.