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目的:探索峨眉地区黄连在不同生长条件下,个体营养器官生物量及根茎中生物碱类成分含量的变化,确定最佳栽培方式,为黄连药材的规范化种植提供参考。方法:以峨眉黄连《中药材生产质量管理规范》(GAP)基地为观测对象,采集不同海拔高度、遮荫方式及种植密度4年生黄连样品,分析黄连个体营养器官生物量的变化,采用反相高效液相色谱法(PR-HPLC)测定黄连根茎中7种生物碱类成分的含量,流动相乙腈-3.4 g·L-1KH2PO4溶液(H3PO4调p H 3.0)(40∶60),流速1.2 m L·min-1,检测波长345 nm。结果:在海拔1 200~1 800 m峨眉地区,黄连个体营养器官总生物量无显著差异,7种生物碱类成分含量符合2010年版《中国药典》规定;采用遮阳网方式与传统搭棚遮荫无显著差异,但该技术省工、省材,保护了森林资源;采用株行距10 cm×10 cm正方形栽植较株行距12 cm×12 cm正方形栽植每公顷可增产32%。结论:峨眉地区黄连适宜在海拔1 200~1 800 m,单层网遮荫和株行距10 cm×10 cm的条件下栽培,为黄连药材的GAP规范化种植提供参考。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of the biomass of individual vegetative organs and the contents of alkaloids in rhizomes of Coptis chinensis under different growth conditions in the Emei area, and to determine the optimum cultivation methods for the standard cultivation of Coptis chinensis. Methods: The samples of 4-year-old Coptis chinensis with different altitudes, shading patterns and planting density were collected from the Emei Huanglian “GAP” base. The change of biomass of the individual nutrition organs of Coptis chinensis was analyzed. The contents of seven alkaloids in the rhizomes of Rhizoma Coptidis were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (PR-HPLC). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-3.4 g · L-1 KH2PO4 solution (H3PO4 adjusted p H 3.0) (40:60) L · min-1, detection wavelength 345 nm. Results: There was no significant difference in the total biomass of vegetative organs of Coptis chinensis in the Emei area at an altitude of 1200 ~ 1800 m, and the contents of seven alkaloids were in accordance with the 2010 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Shading net However, this technique saves labor and materials and protects forest resources. The planting distance of 10 cm × 10 cm square with rows spacing of 12 cm × 12 cm can increase the yield by 32% per hectare. Conclusion: The Coptis chinensis in Emei area is suitable for cultivation under the condition of elevation of 1 200 ~ 1 800 m, single - layer net shading and spacing of 10 cm × 10 cm. It provides reference for GAP standardization cultivation of Coptis chinensis.