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2015年,广州某养殖场的花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)发生细菌性病害,患病花鲈肝脏、脾脏和肾脏有典型的结节症状,病理组织分析表明,肝脏、脾脏和肾脏等器官组织中有大量肉芽肿,而且组织中分布大量抗酸的杆状细菌。从6尾患病花鲈内脏中分离到6株形态相似的菌落,然后对其中一株病原菌HL1506菌株进行基因组测序,分析结果表明该病原菌为海分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium marinum)。HL1506菌株的基因组大小为6.34 Mb,GC含量为65.68%,编码5 406个基因,具有T1SS分泌系统和T3SS分泌系统。比较基因组学研究表明,HL1506菌株与参考菌株M、MB2、E11和Europe基因组相比,有3 948个共有基因,而该菌株的特有基因为242个。根据共有基因构建系统发育树,结果表明HL1506菌株与人源海分枝杆菌M株和鱼源海分枝杆菌MB2株聚为一枝,这表明它们之间的亲缘关系较近,同时也表明HL1506菌株有感染人的潜在可能。综上,患病花鲈为海分枝杆菌感染,并且有典型的结节症状。海分枝杆菌HL1506基因组与人源菌株有较高的相似性,这表明该菌株对人的健康有潜在的威胁。
In 2015, a bacterial disease occurred in Lateolabrax japonicus from a farms in Guangzhou. The liver, spleen and kidney of the diseased seabass had typical nodular symptoms. The histopathological analysis showed that liver, spleen, kidney and other organs A large number of granulomas, and the distribution of a large number of acid-resistant bacilli. Six colonies with similar morphologies were isolated from 6 diseased seabass perishes, and then one of them was sequenced. The results showed that the pathogen was Mycobacterium marinum. The genomic size of HL1506 strain was 6.34 Mb and the content of GC was 65.68%. It encoded 5 406 genes with T1SS secretion system and T3SS secretion system. Comparative genomics studies showed that there were 3 948 shared genes in the HL1506 strain compared with the reference strains M, MB2, E11 and Europe genomes, and 242 of these were endemic to this strain. The phylogenetic tree based on the consensus gene showed that the HL1506 strain was clustered with the M. monocytogenes M and M. maritima MB2 strains, indicating a closer genetic relationship between HL1506 strain and the HL1506 strain Potential for infection. In summary, the sick sea bass is Mycobacterium maritime infection, and has typical nodular symptoms. The higher similarity between the Mycobacterium maritima HL1506 genome and human strains suggests that the strain is potentially dangerous to human health.