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对西周以前的织物工艺的研究已经不少,但大多比较零散,而且主要着眼于丝绸。本文以迄今为止在中国出土的西周以前典型纺织文物的文献为基础,系统地研究这个时期的织造工艺,包括原料、织物结构、织具。对浙江河姆渡遗址出土的织具零件,结合甲骨文、金文中提示织具的文字,进行了研究。结果显示,所有主要天然纤维已经用上;所有简单和复合的织物组织,除缎纹外,已经出现;所用的织具除已知的原始腰机外可能还有3点或4点支持的地织机。
There have been many researches on fabric technology before the Western Zhou Dynasty, but most of them are fragmented, and the main ones are silk. Based on the literature of the typical textile artifacts unearthed in China before the Western Zhou Dynasty, this paper systematically studies the weaving process in this period, including raw materials, fabric structure and weaving. The research on the weaving utensils unearthed in Hemudu Site of Zhejiang Province combined with the texts of the hinting weaving tools in Oracle and Jinwen are carried out. The results showed that all the major natural fibers were already in use; all simple and complex fabric weavers, except for satin weavers, have appeared; weaves used may have 3 or 4 points of support in addition to the known original waist machines Loom.