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目的通过生育健康知识、态度和行为(knowledge,attitude and practice,KAP)问卷调查,评价预防出生缺陷知识宣传的干预效果。方法选择全省13个市18个项目点,项目干预前后每一个项目点各选取100个家庭共3 600个家庭,作为调查对象进行相关知识宣传,由培训人员进行KAP问卷调查,了解干预前后群众对出生缺陷知识、态度、行为的变化,并以问卷评分得分情况判定教育效果。结果年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、初婚年龄、家庭经济收入/人均年收入(<1 500元以及>1.5万元)对干预效果都有明显的影响。年青人比老人,女性比男性,小学以上文化程度比文盲半文盲,干部、教师和医务人员比其他职业,对知识的掌握明显增多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,群众对预防出生缺陷相关知识知晓率平均提高13.77分,95%CI:(5.41～22.32),干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后19项题目全答对的比例高于干预前。结论本项目实施后社区群众在预防出生缺陷的知识比干预前明显提高,态度和行为比干预前有很大转度,但应加强对职业为工人、农民、文化程度偏低、家庭收入较少的育龄群众的知识普及。
Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of preventing publicity of birth defects through questionnaire survey of reproductive health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP). Methods 18 project sites in 13 cities in the province were selected. Before and after the project intervention, 3 600 families were selected from 100 families in each project site. Relevant knowledge was disseminated as survey subjects. KAP questionnaires were conducted by trainers to understand the influence of the masses before and after intervention The birth defects of knowledge, attitude, behavior changes, and to score the score of the questionnaire to determine the effect of education. Results Age, sex, education level, occupation, first marriage age, family income / per capita annual income (<1,500 yuan and> 15,000 yuan) all had obvious effect on the effect of intervention. Young people were significantly more masters of knowledge than the elderly, women than men, students with primary school education more than those with illiteracy and semi-illiteracy, cadres, teachers and medical staff than other occupations, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). After the intervention, the public awareness of the prevention of birth defects related to an average increase of 13.77 points, 95% CI: (5.41 ~ 22.32), before and after intervention was statistically significant difference (P <0.05). After the intervention, the proportion of 19 correct answers was higher than before intervention. Conclusion After the implementation of this project, the masses of the community have obviously increased their knowledge of preventing birth defects before intervention. Attitudes and behaviors have a great turn before the intervention. However, it is necessary to strengthen the knowledge that occupations are laborers and peasants with low education and family income Of people of childbearing age knowledge popularization.