论文部分内容阅读
目的了解2011年昆明市食品中食源性致病菌流行情况和化学污染物及有害因素污染状况,为食品安全评估、食品卫生标准制修订提供科学依据。方法根据多级分层随机采样原则,选取当地居民的主要消费购买点,共采集样品334份。按照《食源性致病菌监测工作手册》及《化学污染物和有害因素监测计划工作手册》进行检测。结果样品致病菌检出率为12.6%,菌落总数与大肠菌群超标率分别为46.1%和41.6%。不同类别食品的菌落总数与大肠菌群数超标率不同,即食非发酵豆制品类菌落总数超标率最高,为78.9%;大肠菌群超标率由高到低依次为熟制面米制品、即食非发酵豆制品、熟肉制品、速冻面米制品、糕点。样品中霉菌和蜡样芽胞杆菌检出率较高,分别为17.1%和13.2%,未检出大肠杆菌O157、沙门菌及志贺菌。乳及乳制品中黄曲霉毒素M1超标率为45.0%,蜜饯和炒货中安赛蜜超标率为5.0%,酒中均检出氨基甲酸乙酯。结论监测食品的菌落总数和大肠菌群超标问题突出,速冻面米制品中霉菌检出率较高,乳及乳制品中黄曲霉毒素M1超标率较高,应从食品加工、运输、流通等各环节加强监管力度。
Objective To understand the prevalence of food-borne pathogens and the contamination of chemical pollutants and harmful factors in foods in Kunming in 2011, and provide a scientific basis for food safety assessment and revision of food hygiene standards. Methods According to the principle of multi-level stratified random sampling, the main purchasing points of local residents were selected, and 334 samples were collected. According to “foodborne pathogens monitoring manual” and “Chemical Contaminants and Hazard Monitor Program Manual” for testing. Results The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was 12.6%, and the total number of colonies and coliform bacteria exceeded 46.1% and 41.6% respectively. The total number of colonies of different types of food is different from the rate of over-standard coliform bacteria. The over-standard rate of non-fermented soy products is 78.9%, and the over-standard rate of coliform bacteria is cooked rice noodles Fermented soy products, cooked meat products, frozen noodles rice products, cakes. The detection rates of mold and Bacillus cereus were higher in the samples, which were 17.1% and 13.2% respectively. No E. coli O157, Salmonella and Shigella were detected. Milk and dairy products aflatoxin M1 exceeded the standard rate of 45.0%, candied and roasted seeds in an azaar honey exceeded the standard rate of 5.0%, were detected in the wine ethyl carbamate. Conclusion The total number of colony in monitoring food and the problem of over-standard coliform bacteria are prominent. The detection rate of molds in the frozen rice products is high, and the exceeding standard rate of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products is higher. The processing, transportation, circulation and other links Strengthen supervision.