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目的了解铀矿工人周围血淋巴细胞染色体畸变情况。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,选择江西省某铀矿98名铀矿工人为矿工组,48名接受放射工作人员培训但还未上岗的人员或行政工作人员为对照组,采集2组人员肘静脉血,采用培养开始加秋水仙素法培养50 h后收获细胞,常规方法制片,吉姆萨染液染色,显微镜下分析染色体畸变。结果矿工组染色体总畸变率为2.70%,对照组为2.49%,2组比较差异无统计学意义(Z=0.74,P=0.459)。矿工组“双着丝粒体+着丝粒环”(以下简称“双+环”)率为(0.25±0.05)%,对照组为(0.12±0.05)%。调整性别、年龄、工龄、吸烟和饮酒等因素后进行负二项回归分析,矿工组“双+环”率为对照组的5.76倍(Z=2.28,P=0.023)。结论铀矿工人的周围血淋巴细胞染色体非稳定性畸变水平较高,需要加强铀矿工人的职业性放射性疾病危害防治工作。
Objective To understand the chromosomal aberrations of hemolymph cells around uranium miners. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select 98 uranium miners from a uranium mine in Jiangxi Province as the miner group and 48 radiographers who had not yet been recruited as staff or administrative staff as the control group. Two groups of elbow venous blood The cells were harvested after culturing with colchicine for 50 h. The cells were harvested by conventional methods and stained with Giemsa stain. Chromosome aberrations were analyzed microscopically. Results The total chromosome aberration rate was 2.70% in the miner group and 2.49% in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (Z = 0.74, P = 0.459). The miner group had a rate of (0.25 ± 0.05)% in control group and (2.12 ± 0.05)% in control group. Negative binomial regression analysis was conducted after adjusting for gender, age, length of service, smoking and alcohol consumption. The “double + ring” rate of the miner group was 5.76 times that of the control group (Z = 2.28, P = 0.023). Conclusion Unequal workers have a high level of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes, and it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of occupational radiation hazards of uranium miners.