有机磷化合物是胆碱酯酶以及其它一些丝氨酸酯酶和蛋白水解酶的强烈抑制剂。其中一类化合物的通式是:(RO)(CH_3)PO·X,式中RO是各种大小的烷氧基,而X是膦酰化时的离开基团。膦酰基和活力中心内丝氨酸的羟基间的共价结合在水溶液内可以自发水解。膦酰基也可以被亲核试剂除去,因而酶活力得以恢复,即酶可以被重活化。但是,膦酰化胆碱酯酶与其他被抑制的酶不同,其重活化率随着时间的推移而减低,从 Organophosphorus compounds are cholinesterases and other strong inhibitors of serine esterases and proteolytic enzymes. The general formula for one of these classes of compounds is: (RO) (CH3) POX where RO is alkoxy of various sizes and X is the leaving group for phosphonylation. Covalent bonding between the phosphono group and the hydroxyl group of serine in the active center can spontaneously hydrolyze in aqueous solution. Phosphono groups can also be removed by nucleophiles so enzyme activity is restored, ie, the enzyme can be reactivated. However, phosphorylated cholinesterase, unlike other enzymes that are inhibited, their rate of reactivation decreases with time, from