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有实验证明，结核性胸膜炎是研究局部细胞免疫的一个很好模型。因在结核性胸膜液中有多种免疫细胞聚集，势必也含有许多与免疫有关的细胞因子。本文对１４例结核性胸膜炎及１２例肿瘤性胸腔积液病人胸膜渗液中的细胞免疫成分进行了研究。测定其主要细胞因子的含量，以比较迟发型变态反应性的结核性胸水与免疫反应减弱的肿瘤性胸水中细胞因子含量的异同，进一步阐明两种疾病局部免疫的不同机制。我们所研究的细胞因子有γ-干扰素（ＩＦＮ-γ）、白细胞介素２（ＩＬ-２）和自然杀伤细胞毒因子（ＮＫＣＦ）。结果显示：结核性胸膜液中ＩＦＮ-γ、ＩＬ-２及ＮＫＣＦ活性均比肿瘤性渗液为高，以ＩＦＮ-γ含量为最高。
Experiments show that tuberculous pleurisy is a good model for studying local cellular immunity. Due to a variety of immune cells in tuberculous pleural fluid aggregation, bound to also contain many immune-related cytokines. In this paper, 14 cases of tuberculous pleurisy and 12 cases of pleural effusion in patients with pleural effusion cellular immune components were studied. The main cytokines levels were determined to compare the similarities and differences of cytokines in delayed pleural effusions and immunoreactive tumorous pleural effusions to further elucidate the different mechanisms of local immunization in both diseases. The cytokines we studied are IFN-γ, IL-2 and NKCF. The results showed that the activity of IFN-γ, IL-2 and NKCF in tuberculous pleural fluid were higher than that of tumorous exudate and the content of IFN-γ was the highest.