从“五四”新文化运动到 3 0年代 ,陈独秀以及“五四”新文化运动的一代人 ,在学术与思想的关系上 ,大致经历了一个由分裂到相对统一的过程。从陈独秀发表的《孔子与中国》一文看 ,其晚年思想发展的大趋势是向“五四”新文化基本理念回归 ,并有所提升与发展变化。他在学术与思想的内在关系上 ,虽不像“五四”新文化运动时期那样对立、分裂 ,却仍未达到事实上的一致 From the “May 4th” New Culture Movement to the 30’s, Chen Duxiu and the “May Fourth New Culture Movement” generation went through roughly the process of splitting to relative unity in the relationship between academics and thoughts. Judging from the article entitled “Confucius and China” published by Chen Duxiu, the general trend in the development of his later years of thought is to return to the basic concept of “May Fourth New Culture” and to enhance and develop it. Although he did not oppose and split the internal relations between academy and thought during the period of the May 4th New Cultural Movement, he still did not reach the consensus in fact