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目的了解和改善印刷业和制鞋业等作业环境中的苯系物(苯、甲苯、二甲苯)浓度对作业人员的影响。方法对2008年上海市奉贤区进行作业环境苯系物检测的企业,通过分层整群抽样方法,选择其中的6家企业及接触苯系物的作业人员作为干预对象,分别进行防护设施改进、加强个人防护和职业卫生知识培训等干预措施,并对干预措施实施前后测定车间环境中苯系物浓度和进行作业人员职业健康检查。结果 6家企业干预后车间环境监测点的苯系物浓度有明显的降低(P<0.01),125名作业人员的血常规各项指标的均值有不同程度的升高(P<0.01)。结论改善作业人员劳动条件,加强职业卫生防护措施的投入以及职业卫生管理可以有效地减少作业环境中苯系物浓度对作业人员的不良影响,对苯系物引起的急、慢性苯中毒的预防和提高作业人员自我保护意识具有指导意义。
Objectives To understand and improve the impact of benzene series (benzene, toluene, xylene) concentration on workers in printing and footwear industries. Methods In 2008, the enterprises engaged in the benzene series detection in operating environment in Fengxian District of Shanghai selected six of them and the workers who were exposed to the benzene series as the objects of intervention through the stratified cluster sampling method to carry out protective facilities improvement, Strengthen the personal protection and occupational health knowledge training and other interventions, and interventions before and after the implementation of the determination of benzene concentration in the workshop environment and conduct occupational health checks. Results After six interventions, the concentrations of benzene analogs in the workshop environmental monitoring points decreased significantly (P <0.01), and the mean values of the blood routine indexes of 125 workers increased to some extent (P <0.01). Conclusion Improving working conditions of workers, strengthening the investment of occupational health protection measures and occupational health management can effectively reduce the adverse effects of the concentration of benzene series in the working environment on the workers, and prevent and cure acute and chronic benzene poisoning caused by benzene series compounds. It is instructive to improve the self-protection awareness of workers.