哥伦比亚大学刘禾教授主编的《世界秩序与文明等级:全球史研究的新路径》于2016年4月由三联书店出版。该书致力于揭示500年来西方文明霸权地位和以西方为中心的世界秩序的构建的过程,这一过程本质上是将不同文明进行等级化处理,使欧洲和北美的资本主义社会处于文明的最高端。这套文明标准在20世纪演变为世界各地人群的自我认识。但后来欧美 The World Class and Civilization Level: A New Approach to Global History Studies, edited by Professor Liu Wo of Columbia University, was published by Joint Publishing in April 2016. The book is devoted to revealing the process of building the hegemonic position of western civilization over the past 500 years and the construction of a world order centered on the West. This process essentially involves the grading of civilizations and the highest civilizations of capitalist societies in Europe and North America end. This set of civilized standards evolved in the 20th century into self-awareness among people all over the world. But later Europe and the United States