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【摘要】“一带一路”国家战略是译界盛事。“一带一路”国家战略的翻译属于商务英语翻译范畴,具备多谓语动词,多四字短语,多长难句等重要的语言特征。因此谓语动词 的翻译技巧对于“一带一路”国家战略的翻译有着举足轻重的作用。本文以三个极具代表性的例子为依托,浅谈汉英谓语翻译技巧在“一带一路”国家战略翻译中的应用。
【关键词】“一带一路” 谓语翻译技巧 国家战略翻译
一、“一带一路”战略的翻译意义
2013 年 9 月,国家主席习近平在出访中亚和东南亚国家期间,先后提出共建“丝绸之路经济带”和“21 世纪海上丝绸之路”( 以下简称“一带一路”) 重大倡议,引起全球长时间的持续高度关注和沿线国家的积极响应(金玲 2015)。
二、汉英谓语翻译技巧
1.连动式作谓语。英语中最复杂,初学者最难掌握的就是动词和介词。掌握汉英谓语翻译技巧首先要了解连动式作谓语。连动式作谓语具体包括名词连动,若干动词连动和兼语式连动。英语表达连动的方式包括:(1)用不定式跟在某些动词之后;(2)少数动词(go,help,come)直接跟动词连用;(3)少数动词跟动名词连用;四,动名词和过去式作状语表动作。
2.连谓句。连谓句适合两种情况,一是几个谓语动词都不长;二是此类动词不宜翻译成英语非谓语动词形式。比如:他走到雷参谋跟前,抓住了他的手,紧捏了一下,又轻轻地捏着略有四五秒钟,然后蓦地甩开,回头招呼周仲伟他们。参考译文:He went up to colonel Lei, squeezed his hand, held a few seconds, then dropped it and turned to greet the others.
3.兼语式。兼语式主要是针对一些使役动词的翻译。
4.词性转化。一,动词转化成名词或形容词。例句:经理感谢顾客们提出的宝贵意见。参考译文:The manager is grateful to the customers for their valuable suggestions.二,动词转化成介词或者介词短语。例句:我们不顾一切困难,挫折,坚持战斗。参考译文:We kept fighting in spite of all difficulties and setbacks.
三、汉英谓语翻译技巧在“一带一路”国家战略翻译中的应用
①千百年来,“和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢”的丝绸之路精神薪火相传,推进了人类文明进步,是促进沿线各国繁荣发展的重要纽带,是东西方交流合作的象征,是世界各国共有的历史文化遗产。这一段话有多个动词,需灵活处理。首先合作,互学互鉴以及互利共赢属于丝绸之路的精神,可采用词性转化的翻译技巧,直接译成名词。薪火相传,推进和促进句子较短,符合连谓句的特征,可采用连谓句的翻译技巧,译为三个并列的谓语动词。最后半句句意相对完整,可单独成句,采用连动式作谓语的翻译技巧。综上,参考译文如下:
For thousands of years, the Silk Road Spirit - "peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit" - has been passed from generation to generation, promoted the progress of human civilization, and contributed greatly to the prosperity and development of the countries along the Silk Road. Symbolizing communication and cooperation between the East and the West, the Silk Road Spirit is a historic and cultural heritage shared by all countries around the world.
②加快“一带一路”建设,促进沿线各国经济繁荣与区域经济合作,加强不同文明交流互鉴,促进世界和平发展,是一项造福世界各国人民的伟大事业。首先辨析逻辑关系,即加快“一带一路”建设有助于促进经济合作,加强交流,促进和平,所以前半句可以采用连动式作谓语的翻译技巧,最后半句采用定语从句的形式巧妙地传达了原文的意思。综上,参考译文如下:
Accelerating the building of the Belt and Road can help promote the economic prosperity of the countries along the Belt and Road and regional economic cooperation, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning between different civilizations, and promote world peace and development. It is a great undertaking that will benefit people around the world。
③倡导文明宽容,尊重各国发展道路和模式的选择,加强不同文明之间的对话,求同存异、兼容并蓄、和平共处、共生共荣。四字动词短语并列是难点。首先倡导,尊重,加强可采用连谓句的翻译技巧。四个四字短语要采用意译的翻译策略。可采用连动式作谓语的翻译技巧以及词性转化的翻译技巧。综上,参考译文如下:
It advocates tolerance among civilizations, respects the paths and modes of development chosen by different countries, and supports dialogues among different civilizations on the principles of seeking common ground while shelving differences and drawing on each others strengths, so that all countries can coexist in peace for common prosperity.
参考文献:
[1]高艳丽,杨稼辉.汉译英中的“去动词化”倾向[J].中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版),2012(2).
[2]金玲.“一带一路”中国的马歇尔计划?[J].国际问题研究,2015.
[3]王欣.2012.商务英语中以谓语动词为中心的基本举行的翻译[J].辽宁财专学报(社会科学版),2003(2).
【关键词】“一带一路” 谓语翻译技巧 国家战略翻译
一、“一带一路”战略的翻译意义
2013 年 9 月,国家主席习近平在出访中亚和东南亚国家期间,先后提出共建“丝绸之路经济带”和“21 世纪海上丝绸之路”( 以下简称“一带一路”) 重大倡议,引起全球长时间的持续高度关注和沿线国家的积极响应(金玲 2015)。
二、汉英谓语翻译技巧
1.连动式作谓语。英语中最复杂,初学者最难掌握的就是动词和介词。掌握汉英谓语翻译技巧首先要了解连动式作谓语。连动式作谓语具体包括名词连动,若干动词连动和兼语式连动。英语表达连动的方式包括:(1)用不定式跟在某些动词之后;(2)少数动词(go,help,come)直接跟动词连用;(3)少数动词跟动名词连用;四,动名词和过去式作状语表动作。
2.连谓句。连谓句适合两种情况,一是几个谓语动词都不长;二是此类动词不宜翻译成英语非谓语动词形式。比如:他走到雷参谋跟前,抓住了他的手,紧捏了一下,又轻轻地捏着略有四五秒钟,然后蓦地甩开,回头招呼周仲伟他们。参考译文:He went up to colonel Lei, squeezed his hand, held a few seconds, then dropped it and turned to greet the others.
3.兼语式。兼语式主要是针对一些使役动词的翻译。
4.词性转化。一,动词转化成名词或形容词。例句:经理感谢顾客们提出的宝贵意见。参考译文:The manager is grateful to the customers for their valuable suggestions.二,动词转化成介词或者介词短语。例句:我们不顾一切困难,挫折,坚持战斗。参考译文:We kept fighting in spite of all difficulties and setbacks.
三、汉英谓语翻译技巧在“一带一路”国家战略翻译中的应用
①千百年来,“和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢”的丝绸之路精神薪火相传,推进了人类文明进步,是促进沿线各国繁荣发展的重要纽带,是东西方交流合作的象征,是世界各国共有的历史文化遗产。这一段话有多个动词,需灵活处理。首先合作,互学互鉴以及互利共赢属于丝绸之路的精神,可采用词性转化的翻译技巧,直接译成名词。薪火相传,推进和促进句子较短,符合连谓句的特征,可采用连谓句的翻译技巧,译为三个并列的谓语动词。最后半句句意相对完整,可单独成句,采用连动式作谓语的翻译技巧。综上,参考译文如下:
For thousands of years, the Silk Road Spirit - "peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit" - has been passed from generation to generation, promoted the progress of human civilization, and contributed greatly to the prosperity and development of the countries along the Silk Road. Symbolizing communication and cooperation between the East and the West, the Silk Road Spirit is a historic and cultural heritage shared by all countries around the world.
②加快“一带一路”建设,促进沿线各国经济繁荣与区域经济合作,加强不同文明交流互鉴,促进世界和平发展,是一项造福世界各国人民的伟大事业。首先辨析逻辑关系,即加快“一带一路”建设有助于促进经济合作,加强交流,促进和平,所以前半句可以采用连动式作谓语的翻译技巧,最后半句采用定语从句的形式巧妙地传达了原文的意思。综上,参考译文如下:
Accelerating the building of the Belt and Road can help promote the economic prosperity of the countries along the Belt and Road and regional economic cooperation, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning between different civilizations, and promote world peace and development. It is a great undertaking that will benefit people around the world。
③倡导文明宽容,尊重各国发展道路和模式的选择,加强不同文明之间的对话,求同存异、兼容并蓄、和平共处、共生共荣。四字动词短语并列是难点。首先倡导,尊重,加强可采用连谓句的翻译技巧。四个四字短语要采用意译的翻译策略。可采用连动式作谓语的翻译技巧以及词性转化的翻译技巧。综上,参考译文如下:
It advocates tolerance among civilizations, respects the paths and modes of development chosen by different countries, and supports dialogues among different civilizations on the principles of seeking common ground while shelving differences and drawing on each others strengths, so that all countries can coexist in peace for common prosperity.
参考文献:
[1]高艳丽,杨稼辉.汉译英中的“去动词化”倾向[J].中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版),2012(2).
[2]金玲.“一带一路”中国的马歇尔计划?[J].国际问题研究,2015.
[3]王欣.2012.商务英语中以谓语动词为中心的基本举行的翻译[J].辽宁财专学报(社会科学版),2003(2).