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目的探讨青少年日常身体活动量与青春期性发育水平的关系,为采取针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样法,选取上海市中小学生共1 348名,调查年龄、性发育水平、父母文化程度和日常身体活动情况。结果女生乳房、阴毛、腋毛的发育水平与中高水平身体活动量呈负相关(r值分别为-0.067,-0.074,-0.078,P值均<0.05),男、女生性发育水平与学习日r值分别为0.117,0.134,0.177,0.158,0.137,0.156,0.181,0.156,和周末r值分别为0.085,0.106,0.588,0.115,0.130,0.153,0.157,0.189的静态行为时间均呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。在控制年级和父母平均受教育程度的混杂作用下,男生腋毛和胡须发育水平每增加1级,学习日静态行为时间≥120 min的可能性分别增加了0.79和0.78倍;腋毛发育水平每增加1级,周末静态行为时间≥265 min的可能性增加了0.49倍;已经月经来潮女生中高水平身体活动量和周末静态行为时间≥265 min的可能性分别是月经未来潮女生的2.11和2.10倍。结论青少年性发育水平与身体活动量之间存在独立的关联性。应针对不同青春期发育阶段的青少年采取适宜的干预措施。
Objective To explore the relationship between the daily physical activity of adolescents and the level of adolescent sexual development, and to provide the basis for taking targeted interventions. Methods A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select a total of 1 348 primary and secondary school students in Shanghai. The age, sexual development, parents’ educational level and daily physical activity were investigated. Results The developmental level of breast, pubic hair and armpit hair of girls was negatively correlated with the level of physical activity at high and middle level (r = -0.067, -0.074, -0.078, P <0.05 respectively). The sexual development of boys and girls was similar to that of study day The values of 0.17, 0.137, 0.117, 0.158, 0.117, 0.156, 0.181, 0.156 and the weekend r values were 0.085,0.106,0.588,0.115,0.130,0.153,0.157,0.189 static behavior time were positively correlated (P value All <0.05). The increase of armpit hair and beard development level by boys at the control of grade and the average level of education of parents increased by 0.79 and 0.78 times the static behavior time of ≥120 min on the learning day. For each increase of armpit hair growth level Grade, and the probability of static behavior time ≥265 min increased by 0.49 times over the weekend. The possibility of high-level physical activity and weekend static behavior time of girls with menstrual cramps ≥265 min were 2.11 and 2.10 times higher than those of the girl with molestinia respectively. Conclusion There is an independent relationship between sexual development and physical activity in adolescents. Appropriate interventions should be taken for adolescents at different adolescent stages of development.