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清肺口服液是临床治疗儿童呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)性肺炎的有效经验方.前期研究发现,清肺口服液可以减轻RSV感染加重哮喘小鼠的气道炎症,本研究拟探讨清肺口服液对RSV感染的哮喘小鼠肺组织自噬及凋亡蛋白表达的影响.将50只雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为对照组、哮喘组、RSV感染+哮喘组、清肺口服液组、利巴韦林组.采用卵清蛋白(OVA)致敏及雾化激发哮喘模型;采用RSV隔日滴鼻、连续3次诱导感染,构建RSV感染哮喘模型.各药物组给予相应干预.末次激发24 h后,采集血清,分离肺组织.HE染色后观察气道炎症反应;ELISA法检测血清炎症因子白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)水平;Western blot检测肺组织Atg5、Bax、Bcl-2蛋白表达情况.结果显示,清肺口服液可以明显减轻RSV感染哮喘小鼠肺组织炎症细胞浸润及充血水肿,显著降低血清炎症因子IL-6、IL-8的水平(P＜0.01),显著下调Atg5、Bax蛋白表达水平(P＜0.01),并上调Bcl-2蛋白表达水平(P＜0.01).以上结果提示清肺口服液能够减轻RSV感染哮喘小鼠的气道炎症,其机制可能与抑制自噬和调节凋亡相关.“,”Qingfei Oral Liquid is an effective empirical prescription in the treatment of children with respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)pneumonia.Previous studies have found that Qingfei Oral Liquid can alleviate airway inflammation in RSV-infected asthmatic mice.This study aims to investigate the effects of Qingfei Oral Liquid on autophagy and apoptosis protein expressions in lung tissue of asthmatic mice with RSV infection.Fifty male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group,asthma group,RSV infection plus asthma group,Qingfei Oral Liquid group and Ribavirin group.The asthma model was induced by ovalbumin(OVA)sensitization and atomization,and the RSV-infected asthmatic model was established by nasal instillation of RSV every other day,for three times.Drug treatment groups were treated with the corresponding intervention.Twenty-four hours after the last stimulation,serum was collected and lung tissue was isolated.The airway inflammation was observed after HE staining,the serum levels of inflammatory factors interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-8 were detected by ELISA,and the protein expressions of Atg5,Bax and Bcl-2 in lung tissue were detected by Western blot.The results showed that Qingfei Oral Liquid could obviously alleviate the inflammatory cell infiltration,hyperemia and edema in lung tissue of asthmatic mice infected with RSV,significantly reduce the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8(P＜0.01),significantly down-regulate the protein expression levels of Atg5 and Bax(P＜0.01),and up-regulate the expression level of Bcl-2 protein(P＜0.01).These findings suggest that Qingfei Oral Liquid can reduce airway inflammation in RSV-infected asthmatic mice,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting autophagy and regulating apoptosis.