对活塞环和气缸套的磨损,人们已使用很多方法进行了研究,并从中得到一个关于在运用中的发动机、台架试验和实验室试验三者磨损特性间非常完善的相互关系。这应当成为进一步研制材料、尤其是表面镀层材料的基础,以便提高这些零件的磨损寿命和效率。磨损机理(包括磨料磨损、胶合磨损和腐蚀)的明确概念已形成,但还有许多事要做,特别是在相互关联的磨损和润滑方面,以便形成一个平滑、腐蚀、寿命长的表面。磨屑图谱集是有用的,然而,其用途受到某些限制,因此应当收集各种资料来建立一种“磨损图谱集”这种“图谱集”对接触良好的物体和在特殊工程应用方面尤为有用。对于活塞环和气缸套来讲,已具有了不少这方面的资料,其中一部分将在本文中述及。“模拟”运用中磨损特性的任何试图,都必须考虑到它应当是以表面磨损特性和磨屑的外观状态作为基础的。工程系统的复杂特性也必须加以考虑。本文中三种磨损过程可能都存在,也许同时存在,也许在零部件寿命的不同阶段中存在。 Many studies have been conducted on the wear of piston rings and cylinder liners and a very good correlation between the wear characteristics of the engine, the bench test and the laboratory tests in operation has been obtained. This should be the basis for further development of materials, especially surface coating materials, in order to increase the wear life and efficiency of these parts. A clear concept of wear mechanisms, including abrasive wear, glued wear and corrosion, has been developed, but much remains to be done, especially with regard to interrelated wear and lubrication to create a smooth, eroding, long-lived surface. Wear debris atlas is useful, however, and its use is subject to certain limitations, so various data should be collected to establish a “atlas” of “wear maps” for objects in good contact and especially for special engineering applications it works. For the piston ring and cylinder liner terms, already has a lot of information in this area, some of which will be covered in this article. Any attempt to “mimic” the wear characteristics of an application must take into account that it should be based on surface wear characteristics and the appearance of wear debris. The complex nature of engineering systems must also be considered. All three wear processes in this article may exist, perhaps simultaneously, perhaps in different stages of component life.