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目的了解近4年顺德地区的甲真菌病病原菌的菌种类型和构成。方法对甲屑真菌直接镜检阳性的421例甲真菌病患者的甲屑标本进行真菌分离培养以及菌种鉴定。结果 421例甲真菌病患者中,真菌分离培养阳性数为278例,阳性率为66.03%,酵母菌属176例占63.31%,其中白色念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌、热带念珠菌分别占25.54%、18.35%、11.87%;皮肤癣菌91例占32.73%,其中红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌分别占30.21%、1.80%;霉菌11例占3.96%。结论临床分型主要以远端甲下型(DLSO)为主,主要致病菌为酵母菌,其次为皮肤癣菌;菌种则以红色毛癣菌、白色念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌、热带念珠菌多见。
Objective To understand the species and constitution of onychomycosis pathogens in Shunde in recent 4 years. Methods A total of 421 cases of onychomycosis were directly screened for the culture of fungus and identification of strains. Results Among the 421 cases of onychomycosis, the positive number of fungi isolated and culture was 278, the positive rate was 66.03% and that of yeast species was 63.31%, of which Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis accounted for 25.54% , 18.35% and 11.87%, respectively. 91 cases of dermatophytes accounted for 32.73%, of which Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes accounted for 30.21% and 1.80% respectively, while 11 cases of molds accounted for 3.96%. Conclusion The main clinical subtype is DLSO, the main pathogenic bacteria are yeast, followed by dermatophytes; the strains are Trichophyton rubrum, Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, tropical Candida more common.