孕妇的饮食质量将影响胎儿的发育,许多在怀孕期间增加热量与高蛋白的研究,结果相互矛盾。纽约调查了市区的贫困黑人群体,在补充营养后,可获得有限度的效果。而过份的高蛋白将增加早产儿、出生低体重儿与新生儿的死亡率,伯明翰调查了亚洲孕妇的结果表明,补充营养,并无促进胎儿宫内生长与发育的作用。怀孕期间增加铁质,是基于慢性缺铁性贫血比较常见已被普遍接受。不必要的增加铁质也是有害的,可产生一些轻微的副反应,理想的处理原则是只对有缺铁的孕妇用药。血中叶酸浓度过低,认为与神经管缺陷发生有关的看法始终有分歧。但是对于曾分娩神经管缺陷儿或多次妊娠者,应在妊娠前或妊娠早期补充叶酸。 The quality of the diet of pregnant women will affect the development of the fetus. Many studies that add calories and high protein during pregnancy have conflicting results. New York City surveyed urban poor blacks and achieved limited results after supplementation. Excessive high protein will increase the mortality rate of premature children, low birth weight infants and newborns, Birmingham survey of Asian pregnant women results show that nutritional supplementation, and promote fetal growth and development of the role. Iron increase during pregnancy is based on the more common chronic iron deficiency anemia has been generally accepted. Unnecessary increase in iron is also harmful, can produce some minor side effects, the ideal treatment principle is only for pregnant women with iron deficiency. Blood levels of folic acid is too low, that there is always divergence in the views related to the occurrence of neural tube defects. But for those who had childbirth neural tube defects or multiple pregnancies, should be pre-pregnancy or early pregnancy folic acid supplementation.