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通过问卷调查与采样分析相结合的方法,对武汉市城郊蔬菜地土壤的酸碱性、肥力状况和施肥现状进行了研究。结果表明:调查区域酸性土占的比例较大,47.43%属于酸性土。土壤有机质、NO_3~--N、有效磷的含量较低,有机质的含量低于临界值(20 g/kg)的土样数占土样总数的61.71%;NO_3~--N含量低于临界值(50 mg/kg)的土样数占90.86%;有效磷含量低于临界值(50 mg/kg)的土样数占土样总数的89.71%。土壤有效钾的含量较高,处于高含量水平(200~300 mg/kg)及以上的土样数占总数的44%。以钾素为例分析了武汉城郊主要菜田有机无机肥投入情况,武汉城郊菜地钾素(K2O)输入量以化肥的施用为主,占钾肥总输入量的73.5%,有机肥的钾素输入量占钾肥总输入量的26.5%。
Through the combination of questionnaire survey and sampling analysis, the status of soil acid-base, fertility and fertilization status of vegetables in suburbs of Wuhan City were studied. The results showed that the proportion of acidic soil in the survey area was larger, and 47.43% belonged to acid soil. Soil organic matter, NO_3 ~ - N and available phosphorous content were lower. Soil samples with organic matter below the critical value (20 g / kg) accounted for 61.71% of the total soil samples; NO_3 ~ - N content below the critical (50 mg / kg) accounted for 90.86% of the total soil samples, while 89.71% of the soil samples contained less than the critical value (50 mg / kg). The content of available potassium in soil is higher, and the number of soil samples at high content (200-300 mg / kg) and above account for 44% of the total. Taking potassium as an example, the inputs of organic and inorganic fertilizers in main vegetable fields in suburbs of Wuhan were analyzed. The inputs of K2O in the vegetables in the suburbs of Wuhan were dominated by chemical fertilizers, accounting for 73.5% of the total inputs of potash, Input accounted for 26.5% of the total input of potash.