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2013年9月6日,“月球大气与尘埃环境探测器”(LADEE)由人牛怪-5(Minotaur-5)运载火箭从戈达德航天中心的瓦罗普斯飞行研究所发射,于10月6日进入绕月轨道。该探测器是美国航空航天局(NASA)的一项月球轨道器任务,任务目的是探测月球大气和尘埃环境,确定月球大气的密度、成分和随时间变化的情况,研究月球外大气层中是否存在月球尘埃,并解释月球尘埃的来源和变化原因。该任务还验证一种由Minotaur-5运载火箭发射的新型模块化平台的有效性,该平台的研制成本低、研制时间短,一旦验证有效,将大大降低未来月球探测任务的成本。
On 6 September 2013, the LADEE was launched by the Minotaur-5 carrier rocket from the Navarrup Institute of Flight at the Goddard Space Center, On October 6 into orbit around the moon. The probe is NASA’s lunar orbiter mission with the mission of detecting the atmosphere and dust environment of the moon, determining the density, composition and temporal variation of the atmosphere over the moon, studying the presence of the atmosphere outside the moon Moon dust, and explain the source of moon dust and reasons for change. The mission also validates the effectiveness of a new modular platform launched by the Minotaur-5 launch vehicle, which has low development costs and short development time, and will greatly reduce the cost of future lunar exploration missions once validated.