为了降低普通地膜覆盖残留对农田环境的污染,2009—2011年在河套地区进行了旧膜、新膜及露地栽培向日葵对比试验,研究地膜再利用对向日葵农艺性状和产量及其相关因子的影响。结果表明,旧膜的株高、茎粗、盘径、叶干重和地上部总干重均显著高于露地,其中,2年的株高分别高6.3%和7.5%,茎粗分别高6.8%和17.4%,盘径分别高8.0%和9.6%,叶干重分别高24.9%和33.2%,地上部总干量分别高29.4%和25.3%;旧膜的茎粗略高于新膜,无显著差异,旧膜的株高、盘径、叶干重和地上部总干重均略低于新膜,无显著差异。旧膜覆盖下向日葵的每盘粒重、百粒重及产量均显著高于露地,其中,2年的每盘粒重分别高3.3%和10.4%,百粒重分别高3.7%和5.8%,产量分别高11.4%和16.8%;与新膜无显著或极显著差异。说明旧膜仍具有改善向日葵农艺性状和提高产量的作用。 In order to reduce the pollution of the farmland caused by the residue of common plastic film mulching, the comparative experiments of old film, new film and open field cultivation of sunflower were conducted in Hetao from 2009 to 2011 to study the effects of mulching on the agronomic characters, yield and related factors of sunflower. The results showed that the plant height, stem diameter, leaf diameter, leaf dry weight and total dry weight of shoots were significantly higher than those of the open field. The height of two-year old plants were 6.3% and 7.5% respectively, and the stems were 6.8 % And 17.4%, respectively. The leaf dry weight was 24.9% and 33.2% higher than that of the new membrane, and the total dry weight of the aerial part was 29.4% and 25.3% respectively. Significantly different, the old film plant height, diameter, leaf dry weight and total dry weight above ground slightly lower than the new film, no significant difference. The sunflower per plant weight per pan, 100-grain weight and yield were all significantly higher than those of the open field under the old film-covered sunflower. Among them, the grain weight per tray was 3.3% and 10.4% respectively over the two years, and 3.7% and 5.8% The yields were 11.4% and 16.8% higher, respectively, with no significant or significant differences with the new membrane. The old film still has the effect of improving agronomic traits and increasing yield of sunflower.