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目的了解河南省2002-2013年艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染产妇的流行病学特征。方法通过预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播管理信息系统,收集河南省2002-2013年上报的HIV抗体检测及HIV感染产妇的个案登记卡信息。对孕产妇检测阳性率、HIV母婴传播率、一般人口学特征、妊娠分娩情况、HIV感染途径等进行统计分析。结果共检测8 621 554名孕产妇,发现HIV感染孕产妇2264例,累计检测阳性率0.03%,HIV检测阳性率呈现逐年递减趋势(χ2=4.871,P=0.027)HIV产妇的年龄为17~48岁,平均年龄为(31.21±5.81)岁,民族以汉族为主(占95.77%),文化程度以小学或初中为主(占86.46%)、职业多是农民(占89.85%),多为初婚(占77.69%),地区分布以驻马店市、开封市、南阳市分布最多,占全省上报阳性病例数的63.62%,感染途径主要以有偿采供血感染(52.38%)为主,其次为性传播感染(38.69%),HIV感染产妇的感染途径中有偿采供血感染的比例逐渐降低,性传播感染的比例逐渐升高。阳性产妇于孕期保健时确诊率较低(11.15%)。结论河南省孕产妇HIV抗体检测阳性呈现逐年降低趋势,性传播感染已是HIV感染阳性的主要途径。婚前和孕早期确诊率较低,较多产妇在产时及产后接受预防艾滋病母婴传播服务。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of maternal HIV infection in Henan Province from 2002 to 2013. Methods The HIV antibody test and HIV / AIDS-infected mothers’ case registration card information reported from 2002 to 2013 in Henan Province were collected through the HIV / AIDS and syphilis and hepatitis B mother-to-child transmission management information system. The positive rate of maternal test, HIV mother-to-infant transmission rate, general demographic characteristics, pregnancy and childbirth, HIV infection and other statistical analysis. Results Totally 8 621 554 pregnant women were detected. Totally 2264 pregnant women with HIV infection were detected. The cumulative positive rate was 0.03%. The positive rate of HIV test showed a declining trend year by year (χ2 = 4.871, P = 0.027). The age of HIV maternal was 17-48 The average age was (31.21 ± 5.81) years old, Han nationality was the main ethnic group (95.77%), the primary school or junior high school was the major (86.46%), the occupation was mostly farmer (89.85%), mostly the first marriage (Accounting for 77.69%). The distribution was mainly distributed in Zhumadian, Kaifeng and Nanyang, accounting for 63.62% of the total number of reported positive cases in the province. The main route of infection was blood supply with compensation (52.38%), followed by sexually transmitted Infection (38.69%), the proportion of HIV-infected mothers infected with infected blood supply was gradually reduced, and the proportion of sexually transmitted infections gradually increased. Positive maternal health diagnosis during pregnancy is lower (11.15%). Conclusion The detection of HIV antibody in pregnant women in Henan Province showed a decreasing trend year by year. Sexually transmitted infection is the main way of HIV infection. Pre-marital and early pregnancy diagnosis rate is lower, more mothers during delivery and postnatal care to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV services.