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目的对2010年秦皇岛市麻疹疑似病例进行IgM抗体检测,分析麻疹流行病学特征,为麻疹计划免疫提供科学依据。方法采用酶联免疫捕获试验(Capture-ELISA)方法,检测麻疹疑似病例急性期血清麻疹IgM抗体、风疹IgM抗体。结果 2010年该市共检测麻疹疑似病例210例,其中麻疹IgM抗体阳性135例,风疹IgM抗体阳性30例。麻疹、风疹发病主要集中在5、6月份,麻疹共发病89例,占65.93%。风疹共发病25例,占83.33%。麻疹病例以1岁及以下组最多(69例,51.11%)。结论 4岁以下儿童为麻疹的高发人群,其中1岁及以下婴儿患病率最高,提示母体抗体的保护作用不足。疑似麻疹的病例中有一部分是风疹病例,因此进行IgM抗体检测可以为科学鉴别麻疹与风疹,及时有效控制麻疹疫情提供依据。
Objective To detect IgM antibodies in suspected cases of measles in Qinhuangdao in 2010 and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles so as to provide a scientific basis for measles immunization. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Capture-ELISA) was used to detect the serum measles IgM antibody and rubella IgM antibody in the suspected cases of measles. Results A total of 210 measles cases were detected in the city in 2010, of which 135 cases were measles IgM positive and 30 cases were rubella IgM positive. The incidence of measles and rubella mainly concentrated in May and June, with 89 cases of measles (65.93%). Rubella a total of 25 cases, accounting for 83.33%. Measles cases were most common in children under 1 and below (69, 51.11%). Conclusions Children under 4 years of age are high prevalence of measles. Among them, the prevalence of infants aged 1 and below is the highest, suggesting that maternal antibody protection is insufficient. Part of the suspected measles cases are rubella cases, so the detection of IgM antibodies can provide a basis for the scientific identification of measles and rubella, timely and effective control of measles outbreaks.