全反式维甲酸(ATRA)作为靶向治疗,使急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)成为成人急性非淋巴细胞白血病(ANLL)中最有希望治愈的亚型。ATRA联合化疗作为一线治疗方案,在改善患者预后方面效果显著。APL细胞对蒽环类药物敏感,目前多采用以此为基础的化疗。联合应用阿糖胞苷并非必要。对于难治或复发的病例,应用As_2O_3或干细胞移植已见成效。但仍有许多问题有待解决。另外,除PML-RARa外,CD56等预后相关因素对临床治疗亦有指导作用。 All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) as a targeted therapy makes acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) the most promising subtype in adult acute non-lymphoid leukemia (ANLL). ATRA combined with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment, the effect is significant in improving the prognosis of patients. APL cells are sensitive to anthracyclines and are currently using chemotherapy based on this. Combination of cytarabine is not necessary. For refractory or recurrent cases, the application of As 2 O 3 or stem cell transplantation has been effective. However, many problems remain to be solved. In addition, in addition to PML-RARa, CD56 and other prognostic factors also play a guiding role in clinical treatment.