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前言本世纪60年代初,许多研究家预测:世界石油的开采量将呈渐增势头,到2000年最多可达年27亿t;之后,由于资源枯竭,世界采油量将出现慢降趋势。1965年有人预测,美国的年采油量最多可达3.7亿t,由于二次和三次采油方法的应用,该国的采油量也将会降下来。上述预测在许多方面并未得到证实。虽然迄今为止在世界各国已经从地球深部抽采了8760亿t石油和43万亿m~3天然气(实际数字要更多,这里只包括了“市场”天然气),但是,世界许多地区探明的油、
Foreword In the early 60s of this century, many researchers predicted that the world’s oil production will show an increasing trend, reaching a maximum of 2.7 billion tons per year by the year 2000; after that, due to depletion of resources, world oil production will slow down. In 1965, it was forecasted that the annual oil production in the United States could reach 370 million tons. Due to the application of secondary and tertiary oil recovery methods, the country’s oil production will also drop. The above predictions have not been confirmed in many aspects. Although countries in the world have so far extracted 876 billion tons of oil and 43 trillion m3 of natural gas from the deep part of the earth (more actual figures include only “marketing” natural gas), many regions in the world Bright oil,