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AIM: To investigate the formula of amino acid enriched BCAA on nutritional support in traumatic patients after operation.METHODS: 40 adult patients after moderate or large abdominal operations were enrolled in a prospective,randomly and single-blind-controlled study, and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with either formula of amino acid (AA group, 20 cases) or formula of amino acid enriched BCAA (BCAA group, 20 cases). From the second day after operation, total parenteral nutrition was infused to the patients in both groups with equal calorie and equal nitrogen by central or peripheral vein during more than 12 hours per day for 6 days. Meanwhile, nitrogen balance was assayed by collecting 24 hours urine for 6 days. The markers of protein metabolism were investigated such as amino acid patts, levels of total protein, albumin, prealbumin,transferrin and fibronectin in serum.RESULTS: The positive nitrogen balance in BCAA group occurred two days earlier than that in AA group. The serum levels oftotal protein and albumin in BCAA group were increased more obviously than that in AA group. The concentration of valine was notably increased and the concentration of arginine was markedly decreased in BCAA group after the formula of amino acids enriched BCAA transfusion.CONCLUSION: The formula of amino acid enriched BCAA may normalize the levels of serum amino acids, reduce the proteolysis, increase the synthesis of protein, improve the nutritional status of traumatic patients after operation.