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本研究旨在随机比较负压吸宫术前3h一次口服米索前列醇400μg或阴道给药对于早孕妇女宫颈扩张的临床效果。共征集对象150例,组Ⅰ(口服)、组Ⅱ(阴道给药)和组Ⅲ(对照组)各50例。结果显示组Ⅰ、Ⅱ对象中Hegar氏扩张器无阻力通过宫颈内口最大直径分别为6.15±0.35mm((?)±s,下同)和6.12±0.37mm,明显大于对照组(4.85±0.35mm,P<0.001),而术中出血组Ⅰ和组Ⅱ则分别为14.92±5.39ml和13.61±4.29ml,与对照组(20.53±5.17ml)相比亦有显著差异(P<0.001)。且用药组术中恶心与腹痛的发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.001)。本研究提示米索前列醇无论口服或阴道给药,对于早孕妇女子宫颈均有明显扩张与软化作用,且可明显减少负压吸宫术中出血量。
The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effects of oral administration of 400 μg of misoprostol or vaginal dosing once a day prior to vacuum aspiration for cervical dilation in early pregnant women. A total of 150 subjects were enrolled, group Ⅰ (oral), group Ⅱ (vaginal administration) and group Ⅲ (control group) 50 cases each. The results showed that the maximum diameter of the Hegar’s dilator without passing through the cervix was 6.15 ± 0.35mm (± s ± s, the same below) and 6.12 ± 0.37mm respectively in the group Ⅰ and Ⅱ, which was significantly larger than that of the control group (4.85 ± 0.35 mm, P <0.001). However, the intraoperative hemorrhage group I and group II were 14.92 ± 5.39ml and 13.61 ± 4.29ml respectively, which was significantly different from that of the control group (20.53 ± 5.17ml) (P <0.001). The incidence of nausea and abdominal pain in the medication group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.001). This study suggests that misoprostol, whether oral or vaginal administration, has obvious expansion and softening effect on the cervix of early pregnant women, and can significantly reduce the amount of bleeding in suction.