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通过熔融挤出法制备了纳米有机蒙脱土OMMT/聚酰胺6(PA6)母粒M1和OMMT/聚丙烯(PP)母粒M2,将这两种母粒分别与PA6-PP熔融共混,制备了不同OMMT含量的纳米OMMT/PA6-PP复合材料,同时采用直接共混法制备了相同配比的该纳米复合材料。利用TEM和SEM表征了OMMT在复合材料中的分散、分布和复合材料分散相的形态,并对比了三种工艺制备的复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:三种制备工艺中,OMMT均选择性地分布于PA6相中,且M1母粒法制备的复合体系中OMMT的剥离和分散效果最好。三种工艺制备的复合材料的PP分散相尺寸和多分散系数均随着OMMT含量的增加先急剧减小后变化不大,当OMMT与PA6-PP的质量比为5∶100时,PP分散相的尺寸最小,分布状态最佳。母粒法制备的复合材料中PP分散相尺寸小于直接共混法,分布状态也优于直接共混法。加入OMMT后,三种工艺制备的复合材料的弯曲模量均得到提高,且通过M1母粒法制备的复合材料拉伸强度和弯曲模量最高,通过M2母粒法制备的复合材料冲击韧性最好。
The OMMT / polyamide 6 (PA6) masterbatch M1 and OMMT / polypropylene (PP) masterbatch M2 were prepared by melt extrusion. The two masterbatches were melt blended with PA6-PP, The nano-OMMT / PA6-PP composites with different OMMT content were prepared, and the nanocomposites with the same ratio were prepared by the direct blending method. The dispersion and distribution of OMMT in the composite and the morphology of the dispersed phase of the composite were characterized by TEM and SEM. The mechanical properties of the composites prepared by the three processes were compared. The results showed that OMMT was selectively distributed in the PA6 phase in all three preparation processes, and the stripping and dispersion of OMMT in the composite system prepared by the M1 masterbatch method was the best. PP disperse phase size and polydispersity index of the composites prepared by the three kinds of processes all changed little with the increase of OMMT content, but little change. When the mass ratio of OMMT and PA6-PP was 5:100, The smallest size, the best distribution. The size of PP dispersion phase in the composite prepared by the masterbatch method is smaller than the direct blending method, and the distribution state is also better than the direct blending method. After adding OMMT, the flexural modulus of composites prepared by the three processes are improved, and the composites prepared by M1 masterbatch have the highest tensile strength and flexural modulus. The composites prepared by M2 masterbatch have the highest impact toughness it is good.