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目的分析深圳市龙岗区手足口病暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为制定预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,率的比较采用χ2检验。结果 2005-2014年期间,龙岗区一共报告141宗手足口病暴发疫情,主要发生在托幼机构127宗(90.07%)。自2008年起,每年首宗暴发疫情较同年疫情高峰提前中位时间2个月。疫情送检不同样本粪便和肛拭子的检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=20.286,P=0.319),但病后3 d内采样阳性检出率较≥4 d高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.766,P=0.016)。结论托幼机构为手足口病疫情防控的重点场所,为提高样品的阳性检出率,应尽量采集发病3 d内的标本。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD outbreak in Longgang District, Shenzhen and provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods, the rate of comparison using χ2 test. Results A total of 141 HFMD outbreaks were reported in Longgang District during 2005-2014, mainly in 127 nurseries (90.07%). Since 2008, the first outbreak of SARS outbreak peaked two months earlier than the same year. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of fecal samples and anal swabs between different samples (χ2 = 20.286, P = 0.319), but the positive detection rate of samples was higher than 4 days after 3 days Significance (χ2 = 5.766, P = 0.016). Conclusion The nurseries and kindergartens are the key sites for the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. To increase the positive detection rate of the samples, specimens within 3 days of onset should be collected as far as possible.