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氨甲喋呤(MTX)和氟脲嘧啶(5-Fu)作为头颈、胃肠和骨肿瘤等的主要化疗药物已应用了20多年。其临床疗效,无论是单一化疗,还是多药联合化疗,都早已得到肯定。单就头颈部鳞癌分析,氨甲喋呤单一静脉化疗的近期疗效约40～50%,氟脲嘧啶约20%左右。MTX和5-Fu 等多药联合化疗的近期疗效也只不过40%,与单一化疗效果没有明显差异。基于对 MTX 和5-Fu 生化和药理作用的了解,人们曾认为 MTX,5-Fu 的联合化疗有拮抗作用。但近几年的药理学和抗肿瘤实验,尤其是分子水平的研究结果发现,MTX 和5-Fu
Methotrexate (MTX) and fluorouracil (5-Fu) have been used for more than 20 years as main chemotherapy drugs for head and neck, gastrointestinal and bone tumors. Its clinical efficacy, whether it is a single chemotherapy or multi-drug combination chemotherapy, has long been recognized. In the analysis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma alone, the short-term efficacy of methotrexate single intravenous chemotherapy is about 40 to 50%, and fluorouracil is about 20%. The short-term efficacy of multidrug combination chemotherapy such as MTX and 5-Fu is only 40%, and there is no significant difference from the effect of single chemotherapy. Based on the understanding of the biochemical and pharmacological effects of MTX and 5-Fu, it was thought that MTX, 5-Fu’s combination chemotherapy has antagonistic effects. But in recent years pharmacology and anti-tumor experiments, especially at the molecular level, have found that MTX and 5-Fu