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[目的]对我国水产养殖业发展水平进行综合评价和相关对策探讨。[方法]分析了我国水产业发展的现状,并从水产业发展水平、国际竞争力和出口水平3个方面建立了评价指标体系,采用主成分分析法对我国水产业发展水平进行综合评价。最后从政府、质量监管部门、渔业行会、生产和加工企业等角度提出相关对策及建议。[结果]我国水产业总体发展水平处于上升趋势,但仍存在药物残留超标、超水体负荷养殖、产品附加值低以及名优特品种较少等问题。针对上述问题,政府应加大对水产业的扶持力度,增强产业竞争力,以进一步推动国际竞争力的提升;相关质量监管部门应加强水产品质量监督和管理,积极防范各种技术性贸易壁垒的冲击;渔业行会以及各种渔业研究机构应加强对水产品养殖和加工的技术支持;水产品生产和加工企业应更多地依赖于科学技术的指导。[结论]该研究结果为推动我国水产业发展提供了参考依据。
[Objective] The paper comprehensively evaluated the development level of aquaculture in our country and discussed the relevant countermeasures. [Method] The status quo of aquaculture development in our country was analyzed and the index system was set up from three aspects of the level of aquaculture development, international competitiveness and export level. The principal component analysis was used to evaluate the level of aquaculture development in our country. Finally, from the government, quality supervision departments, fisheries guilds, production and processing enterprises and other aspects of the proposed countermeasures and suggestions. [Result] The overall development level of aquaculture in China was on the rise, but there were still some problems such as excessive drug residues, excessive aquaculture, low added value of products and few famous special varieties. In response to the above problems, the government should step up its efforts to support aquaculture and enhance its industrial competitiveness so as to further promote its international competitiveness. Relevant quality regulators should strengthen the supervision and management of the quality of aquatic products and actively prevent all kinds of technical barriers to trade Impact; fisheries industry associations and fisheries research institutes should strengthen the technical support for aquaculture farming and processing; aquatic products manufacturing and processing enterprises should rely more on science and technology guidance. [Conclusion] The results of this study provide a reference for promoting the development of aquaculture in China.