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“乡”是中国古代金字塔式集权体制中的重要地方基层区划,宋时其性质发生了重大变化。本文通过对宋代建昌军诸县所辖“乡”的研究,认为宋初乡应该还是一种用于收取税赋的地域单位,北宋中后期才完成“地域化”转变,唐末宋初乡数的减少及随后乡的“地域化”转变与人口的变化息息相关。宋代乡名有逐渐雅化和由地理型向教化型转变的趋势。宋以后乡数和乡名变化变动都较小。
“Township ” is an important local grass-roots division in the ancient pyramid-style centralization system in China, and its nature has undergone major changes in the Song Dynasty. Based on the study of the “township” under the jurisdiction of the Jianchang military counties in the Song Dynasty, this paper argues that the early stage of Song Dynasty should be still a kind of regional unit for collecting taxes, The decrease in the number of townships at the end of the Song Dynasty and the subsequent “regionalization” of the townships are closely related to the changes in the population. The name of the Song Dynasty gradually refined and changed from geography to enlightenment. After the change of township and township name changes are smaller after Song.