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目的了解商河县人间布鲁氏菌病流行病学特征和布病感染的危险因素,为有针对性地制定科学防控措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对商河县布病发病数据进行分析,并开展布病感染因素的病例对照研究,使用Excel2007和Epi Info对数据进行整理和统计。结果 2009-2014年商河县共报告布病病例132例,无死亡病例,发病率为3.72/10万,发病呈现明显的上升趋势。沙河乡发病94例,占发病总数的71.21%。各月均有疫情报告,2~10月发病106例,占80.30%。男女性别发病数比为2.22∶1。20~64岁年龄段发病121例,占91.67%。农民发病129例,占97.73%。病例中从事牛羊等家畜养殖和/或屠宰者116例,占87.87%。高危人群检测阳性率为4.52%。工作时不使用防护衣、不使用手套、不洗手直接进食和工作时皮肤有伤口是感染布病的危险因素。结论商河县布病疫情形势较为严峻,沙河乡是防控的重点地区,要对高危人群开展广泛持续的健康教育。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of Brucella brucellosis in Shanghe County and the risk factors of brucellosis infection in order to provide a basis for the formulation of scientific prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of brucellosis in Shanghe County. Case-control studies on brucellosis infection factors were carried out. The data were sorted out and statistically analyzed using Excel 2007 and Epi Info. Results A total of 132 cases of brucellosis were reported from 2009 to 2014 in Shanghe County, with no deaths. The incidence rate was 3.72 / 100 000, and the incidence showed a clear upward trend. Shahe Township incidence of 94 cases, accounting for 71.21% of the total incidence. Each month there are reports of the epidemic, 2 to 10 months of onset of 106 cases, accounting for 80.30%. The incidence of male and female sex ratio was 2.22: 1.20 to 64-year-old age group, 121 cases, accounting for 91.67%. 129 cases of peasants, accounting for 97.73%. In the cases, 116 cases were engaged in livestock breeding and / or slaughtering, such as cattle and sheep, accounting for 87.87%. The detection rate of high-risk groups was 4.52%. Do not use protective clothing when working, do not use gloves, do not wash your hands when eating and working directly with skin wounds are risk factors for brucellosis. Conclusion The epidemic situation of brucellosis in Shanghe County is more serious. Shahe Township is a key area for prevention and control. Extensive and sustained health education should be carried out for those at high risk.