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一种新型中子探测器被研究,其原理是利用带电离子在矿物中沉积的能量退火时会以热量的方式释放出来,通过测量释放的热量而确定中子通量密度。对新型中子探测器进行刻度,在反应堆内某位置测量的热中子通量密度为5.108×1011 cm~(-2)·s~(-1),与标定的热中子通量密度(5.000×1011 cm~(-2)·s~(-1))在2%内符合,说明该探测器可测量中子通量密度。本文方法制作的探测器体积小,可制作成不同形状,便于反应堆不同环境下的中子通量密度测量。选取相应中子能量反应截面较大的元素,该探测器还可测量不同中子能量的通量密度。
A new type of neutron detector has been studied. The principle is to use the energy of charged ions deposited in minerals to be released as heat during annealing. The neutron flux density is determined by measuring the released heat. The new neutron detector was calibrated. The thermal neutron flux density measured at a certain position in the reactor was 5.108 × 1011 cm -2 (-2) s -1, which was in good agreement with the calibrated thermal neutron flux density 5.000 × 1011 cm -2 s -1) within 2%, indicating that the detector can measure neutron flux density. The detector fabricated by this method is small in size and can be made into different shapes to facilitate neutron flux density measurement in different environments of the reactor. Select the corresponding elements of the neutron energy cross-section larger, the detector can also measure the flux density of different neutron energy.