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目的了解泉州地区历年霍乱菌型变迁及药物耐药性,为霍乱防治工作提供参考。方法对泉州地区1962-2010年霍乱流行疫情资料进行回顾性分析;采用WHO推荐的改良K-B纸片法,对部分菌株进行抗菌药物的药敏试验。结果 1962-2010年,泉州共发生4次较大规模的霍乱流行,流行菌型由O1小川型与O1稻叶型交替进行。大多数霍乱弧菌对诺氟沙星和环丙沙星敏感,敏感率分别为92.31%和99.20%;磺胺类药物敏感性逐年降低,对其它抗菌药耐药;O139群霍乱弧菌的耐药性明显高于O1群霍乱弧菌,不同年份的菌株耐药的程度不一致。结论泉州地区霍乱流行优势菌型为O1群霍乱弧菌,由小川型与稻叶型交替进行;霍乱弧菌对抗菌药物的敏感性逐渐下降。
Objective To understand the changes of cholera bacteria and drug resistance in Quanzhou over the years and provide references for prevention and control of cholera. Methods The epidemic data of cholera from 1962 to 2010 in Quanzhou were retrospectively analyzed. The antibiotic susceptibility tests of some strains were carried out by the improved K-B paper method recommended by the WHO. Results From 1962 to 2010, four large-scale cholera epidemic occurred in Quanzhou. The epidemic strains were alternated between O1 Ogawa-type and O1-type rice leaves. Most of Vibrio cholerae were sensitive to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin, the sensitivity rates were 92.31% and 99.20% respectively. The sensitivity of sulfa drugs was decreased year by year, and was resistant to other antibiotics. The drug resistance of Vibrio cholerae O139 The Vibrio cholerae O1 group was significantly higher than that of the Vibrio cholerae O1 group, and the strains in different years were inconsistent. Conclusion The predominant epidemic strain of cholera in Quanzhou is Vibrio cholera O1 group, which is alternated by Ogawa-type and rice leaf type. The susceptibility of Vibrio cholera to antibacterial drugs is gradually decreased.