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施用氮和磷素对油松生长有一定的促进作用,为进一步了解其对针叶形态与解剖结构的影响,采用田间小区实验,设置4种处理,即对照(不施氮和磷)、施氮(+N,每次20 kg/hm~2,连续施用7次,下同)、施磷(+P,每次10 kg/hm~2)及氮磷共施(+NP,每次N 20 kg/hm~2+P 10 kg/hm~2),对油松当年生针叶开展研究.结果显示:施氮、施磷或氮磷共施增加了油松的地径、冠幅和地上部生物量,施氮或磷后叶氮或磷含量显著增加.对叶长、宽、厚和表面积施氮影响不大但施磷显著增加.施氮显著增加了叶中柱和转输组织的面积及所占比例,而施磷显著增加了表皮层、树脂道腔、中柱、转输组织、木质部和韧皮部的面积,同时树脂道腔、中柱和转输组织面积所占横截面积比例也有显著增加.施氮影响22个形态和解剖结构参数中的4个,而施磷对14个参数都有显著影响,表明施磷对油松针叶形态和解剖结构的影响大于施氮.主成分分析表明施磷主要影响光合和树脂生产能力,而施氮或施磷均增加了转输组织功能.本研究表明磷是油松幼苗生长的主要限制因子,因此生产实践中要重视磷肥的使用.
In order to further understand the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth of Pinus tabulaeformis, four treatments were set up in field plot experiment, that is, the control (no nitrogen and phosphorus) Nitrogen (+ N, 20 kg / hm ~ 2 each time, 7 consecutive applications, the same below), phosphorus (+ P, 10 kg / hm ~ 2 each time) 20 kg / hm ~ 2 + P 10 kg / hm ~ 2), the results showed that: the nitrogen, phosphorus or nitrogen and phosphorus co-increased Pinus tabulaeformis diameter, crown width and Above-ground biomass, nitrogen or phosphorus content significantly increased after nitrogen or phosphorus application, had little effect on nitrogen application, but significantly increased phosphorus application rate.N application of nitrogen significantly increased the area of the middle column and the transplanted tissue And the proportion of phosphorus in the skin significantly increased the epidermis, the resin cavity, the column, the transfer of tissue, xylem and phloem area, while the resin tract, the column and the proportion of cross-sectional area of the transplanted tissue area Significantly increased.The N application affected 4 of 22 morphological and anatomical parameters, and phosphorus application had significant effects on 14 parameters, indicating that phosphorus application had a significant effect on the morphology and anatomy of Pinus tabulaeformis The main component analysis showed that phosphorus application mainly affected the photosynthesis and resin production ability, while nitrogen application or phosphorus application increased the function of the transplanted tissue. This study showed that phosphorus is the main limiting factor for the growth of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings. Therefore, Should pay attention to the use of phosphate fertilizer.