晚清军事近代化道路曲折,进展缓慢,自始至终没有找到一条真正适合自身发展的清晰道路。造成这种局面的原因很多,既有内在制度层面上的阻滞、观念认知上的欠缺,也有外在国际环境局促等方面的原因,所有这些因素共同作用,形塑了晚清军事近代化的残局。对晚清军事近代化的反思,学术界已 In the late Qing Dynasty, the path of military modernization was twists and turns with slow progress. From beginning to end, it failed to find a clear path that really suits its own development. There are many reasons for this situation, not only because of the block of the internal system, the lack of understanding of the concept, but also of the reasons of the external international environment. All of these factors work together to shape the military modernization in the late Qing Dynasty The mess. Reflections on the modernization of military affairs in the late Qing dynasty