庆大霉素是常用的氨基糖苷类抗生素,它对需氧的革兰氏阴性杆菌引起的感染有极好的疗效。但本品治疗指数较低,一般认为:血清药峰浓度应维持在4～12μg/ml之间。血药浓度过高,易导致肾脏及第八对颅神经的损害,有人报道:用药后并发严重的肾功能损害者占用药人数的3～5％。庆大霉素血药浓度的高低不仅与用药剂量、疗程有关,个体差异也很大,肾功能受损患者尤其如此。因而,制订合理的用药方案,使药物剂量个体化,成为庆大霉素临床的重要课题。近年,随着对庆大霉素药物动力学 Gentamicin is a commonly used aminoglycoside antibiotic that has excellent efficacy against aerobic gram-negative bacilli infections. However, the therapeutic index of this product is low, the general view is that: the peak serum concentration should be maintained at 4 ~ 12μg / ml. Blood drug concentration is too high, easily lead to the kidney and the eighth of the cranial nerve damage, it was reported: after treatment complicated by severe renal impairment accounted for 3 to 5% of the number of patients. The level of gentamicin plasma concentration is not only related to dosage and course of treatment, but also individual differences are great, especially in patients with impaired renal function. Therefore, to formulate a rational drug regimen and to individualize the dose of the drug has become an important issue in clinical trials of gentamicin. In recent years, with the gentamicin pharmacokinetics